One example I recently ran into with large image files, specifically a 24GB PNG file, which of couerse requires much more working memory when uncompressed:

Gimp: Opens this image successfully without complaining. It takes a while and uses lots of swap space but it works.

OSX Preview App: "The file <filename> could not be opened. It may be damaged or use a file format that Preview doesn't recognize.

So not only does Preview fail to open the file, it also lies about what the specific issue is. Apparently nobody at Apple ever imagined opening such a large file.

The early Internet flourished in large part because the protocol designers correctly recognized that they couldn't predict or even imagine all the ways people would use their work. "Be conservative in what you send but liberal in what you accept - John Postel" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robustness_principle